As well as the addition of additives to improve the electrolyte composition to achieve the purpose of reducing the DC consumption of the TOC.
楷 Lifetime Direct Current Consumption Heat Insulation Additives L Live Into One Present In the current two major problems to be solved in the aluminum electrolytic industry, one is to extend the life of the electrolytic cell and the other is to reduce the power consumption, from the design of the lining structure of the electrolytic cell to the bottom of the tank. In the selection of insulation materials and improvement of the electrolyte composition, we talked about specific views.
How to extend the life of the electrolytic cell The service life of the electrolytic cell, that is, the service life of the cathode, is an important indicator of aluminum electrolysis. According to statistics, the annual number of overhauled slots is more than one Taiwan, and the overhaul cost is 100 million yuan. Annually, about 20 sets of electrolyzers will be repaired, saving overhaul costs of about ten million yuan. Given the lack of industry standards and testing methods for a series of cathode technologies, the cathode level is no longer compatible with modern large-capacity tanks, seeking the best cathode structure and The new cathode material to extend the life of the cell has become a hot topic in the aluminum industry.
Aluminum lining lining structure design So far, China's aluminum electrolytic tank lining structure design and material selection, basically no change in recent years has been the use of diatomaceous earth bricks and firebricks, due to these refractory insulation materials, poor insulation properties, not against the electrolyte Erosion is not conducive to the reduction of power consumption and the extension of the service life of the tank.
For this reason, the design of the inner lining structure of the aluminum electrolytic cell should grasp two principles, one of which must follow the theory of regional energy self-consumption, that is, the cathode voltage drop should correspond to the cathode heat loss a.
The heat loss of the ribs including the bottom of the cathode steel rod is approximately equal, and the self-consumption is the police boundary of the bottom insulation.
Second, in the production of aluminum electrolysis, the electrolyte and the aluminum liquid inevitably infiltrate into the refractory layer and the insulating layer through the carbon block gap. When these materials are eroded seriously, the aluminum electrolytic cell will be damaged early. In the design process, consideration should be given to Select the refractory insulation material that is suitable for aluminum electrolytic cells.
Liu Ye, male, is an annual student. He graduated from the Department of Metallurgy, Xi'an Metallurgical Construction College, specializing in non-ferrous metallurgy. He is now working as an engineer in the Taiyuan Aluminum Electrolysis Plant.
The date of the zip code is one year. In addition, the one-time investment in the design of the electrolytic cell should not be affected by changes in costs such as the price of electricity, aluminum prices, etc. when considering the economy.
Aluminum lining lining material selection In the aluminum lining insulation material, asbestos board and diatomite insulation bricks have been used so far. These materials have poor thermal insulation properties and a large amount of heat is dissipated through the bottom of the tank, especially the two-story building structure. , seriously affect the reduction of power consumption, the corrosion resistance of these materials is weak.
Many aluminum plants in foreign countries use calcium silicate boards at the bottom of the tanks. China has been inspired by the introduction of daylight technology from the precious aluminum in 81 years before it began to be used in new aluminum plants.
The widely used insulation method is to change the cathode lining layer configuration, reduce the refractory brick layer appropriately, replace the material with larger thermal resistance or alumina powder to replace the lightweight aluminum silicate insulation brick or insulation board, which is better for the bottom insulation. The thermal resistance of materials is double that of alumina, and it is double that of diatomite thermal bricks. It is a multiple of refractory bricks. Professor Yao Guangchun of Northeastern Institute of Technology has conducted extensive experiments on various refractory insulation materials, confirming existing refractory products in China. In addition, the magnesia-carbon bricks have good resistance to aluminum and electrolyte erosion and can be used in aluminum electrolytic cells.
Fushun aluminum factory developed micro-light and lightweight insulation board with high temperature corrosion resistance, and better insulation properties can also be used as aluminum lining lining insulation material.
Table emblem Light-weight heat insulation board Performance index Item Aluminum products Usage Judo Refractoriness Weight-resistance Compression Absorption staring flexural strength Heat treatment linear collection rate Intestinal heat-conducting system respect and heat conduction equation ratio BuC Developed by Zhengzhou Institute of Light Industry Research Institute Qiu Shilin et al. The model of dry powder impervious material was tested at the Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Plant, such as the Fuyang Huayu Great Wall Aluminum Electrolytic Plant, and it has achieved great results.
Its characteristic is that it has the function of preventing leakage of the electrolyte, and the electrolyte leaking below the cathode carbon block can be prevented from being applied on top of the impervious material by an integral dry process. During the roasting process, the volatile content is low and the refractoriness is high, under the conditions of use. Non-sintering will not generate cracks due to stress. Cathode carbon block can adjust the level of the upper surface very well during the installation process, so that the current during roasting is more uniform, and the furnace bottom is less likely to produce precipitation during operation, which will help improve the technical and economic indicators of the electrolyzer and Extend the life of the electrolytic cell.
Several kinds of anti-seepage material quality health side test results Project Name Abroad Foreign loose volume content of children's tapping capacity reaction Regeneration sintering conditions Non-sintering, no shrinkage, no sintering, no shrinkage sintering, no shrinkage, no sintering, no shrinkage, refractoriness, thermal conductivity, The Hezhou Aluminum Plant in Shanxi Province has played a role in reducing heat loss by coating rare earth insulation coating on the bottom and sides of the tank shell to strengthen the insulation at the bottom of the furnace, but this in itself illustrates the poor thermal insulation and design defects of the electrolytic tank.
Boron Chin cathode coatings also achieved some good results in aluminum production plants in Pingtung, Qingtongxia, Hefei and Xiangzhou, etc., but the reasons that were not accepted by most manufacturers were high prices, about USD/USD/curing and The carbonization process is complicated, and the carbonization temperature is as high as the application of the plant. The coating of the boron layer and the match between the block and the carbon substrate are not ideal. The selection and analysis of the electrolyte composition for the shedding phenomenon have not yet been agreed on the best composition of the electrolyte. opinion.
According to the test results, the “lower temperature drop of primary metallurgical metallurgy in Shanxi†is the most obvious because of the increase in electrolytes. It is only due to the cumulative safety corrosion caused by the addition of the new tank roasting furnace, which is usually brought into production during electrolysis production. There are disadvantages such as sex, and generally it is not generally possible to achieve the content of the electrolyte as an additive.
Usually only three kinds of IL are considered, in which the primary crystal temperature of the electrolyte is decreased. The relative electric energy efficiency of various types of electrolyte components is increased. The relative change of the electrolyte electrolyte component is heavier than the melting point. The electrolyte solubility is relative to the relative change of the knife. The type of change in temperature, weight, and weight of the conventional improved table lists a set of experimental data graphs provided by M. It can be seen that improving the electrolyte composition is beneficial to improve current efficiency and power efficiency, however, due to the high price of barium salts. Limiting its industrial promotion, adding many aluminum plants is still more prudent, because it will change the electrolyte composition at the same time, on the leg extension legs, including the bottom crust will also bring about greater changes, and the basic addition to the All have reached a consensus and their price is only in the actual production through the sampling of different components of the electrolyte analysis, the addition is more favorable to see the corpse personality Nie Yizhi the sergeant Pan No. 2 fire sample number map addition to the temperature The main role of the electrolyte is to lower the primary crystal temperature. Industrial tests have shown that the current efficiency can be increased by reducing the electrolysis temperature.
When adding, lowering the electrolysis temperature and increasing the current efficiency can be realized by writing. This can reduce the DC consumption of tons of aluminum. 2) According to Prof. Yao Guangchun of Northeast Institute of Technology, it was discovered that the damage mechanism of the internal lining structure of the aluminum electrolytic cell was discovered. The role of life, for all additives, is unworkable. If used instead, it can not only play the same role, but also its cost is far less than F or even other additives or their combination agents.
Concluding remarks Electrolytic aluminum production can not only meet the economic and technical targets, but also extend the service life of the tank. It must begin with the design of the cathode structure and the selection of cathode materials.
Secondly, the determination of the optimal value of the electrolyte composition will undoubtedly play a significant role in improving the level of China's existing aluminum industry.
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