Sesame leaf spot, also known as sesame seed bacillus, sesame snake eye disease, gray spot disease, angular spot disease. It is common in various sesame producing areas in China, mainly affecting leaves, and can also infect stems and capsules. In general, the diseased leaf rate is above 60%. In severe cases, the whole plant leaves fall off early, which is an important limiting factor for high yield and stable yield of sesame.
There are two common symptoms of leaf disease. One type of leaf spot is a small spot with a diameter of 1~3 mm. The middle part is grayish white, surrounded by purple-brown, and the gray spot on the back of the lesion (grey star spot). In severe cases, multiple lesions can fuse into large plaques, which are easy to dry and rupture, often causing defoliation. Another type of leaf spot is a snake-like lesion with a grayish-white spot in the middle, which is like an eyeball, which is a "snake eye spot". It is surrounded by light gray, surrounded by yellowish brown, round to amorphous, with a transverse diameter of 3. ~10 mm. The diseased spot of the stem is brown, the shape is irregular, and the diseased part produces dark gray mold points when the humidity is high. The disease originated in the middle of July, the prolonged period was in the middle and late August, and the disease entered the final stage after the first ten days of September. The development of sesame leaf spot is slow and slow, and it is closely related to the mid-season rainfall and relative humidity of sesame. The rain is more than 80%, and the disease develops rapidly. The early spread of sesame has a serious incidence, and the disease develops rapidly, the incidence of late sowing is light, and the disease development is slow. Therefore, when the summer sowing sesame seeds are rushed early, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of leaf spot disease.
Agricultural control is carried out in rotation, and the fields are cleaned up in time after harvesting, the sick bodies are removed, and the land is turned over in due course.
Physical control selection of disease-free seeds, soaking seeds with warm water of 53 ° C ~ 55 ° C for 10 minutes, killing the hyphae on the seeds, drying and sowing. Seed seed dressing disinfection method can also be used, that is, 70% thiocarbazone + 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (1:1) mixture, seed dressing according to the weight of the seed 0.3% ~ 0.5% powder, sealed 72 hours after sowing.
Chemical control should be sprayed with fungicide at the initial onset of flowering. Optional 30% compound carbendazim suspension 1000 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times solution + 75% chlorothalonil WP 1000 Double solution, 50% benomyl WP 1500 times solution, 45% triazolone, thiram double WP 1000 times solution, 30% basic copper sulphate suspension 500 times solution, 40% triazolone · bacteria Ling Wettable Powder 1000 times solution, 47% Chunlei·Oxychloride Copper WP 800 times solution, 30% copper oxychloride suspension agent 600 times solution, 12% copper rosinate emulsifiable concentrate 600 times solution, etc., 3 times 1 time, every 7 to 15 days, before and after the dense, alternating or mixed application, spray evenly. (Wang Dixuan)
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