The hardware standard parts are standard parts made of metal. The following introduces the concept and classification of common hardware standard parts.
1. Bolt:
A type of fastener consisting of a head and a screw (a cylinder with an external thread) is required to be fitted with a nut for fastening the two parts with through holes. This type of connection is called a bolted connection. If the nut is unscrewed from the bolt, the two parts can be separated, so the bolt connection is a detachable connection.
2. Stud:
A type of fastener that has no head and only has threads on both ends. When connecting, one end must be screwed into the part with the internally threaded hole, the other end is passed through the part with the through hole, and then the nut is screwed, even if the two parts are fastened together as a whole. This type of connection is called a stud connection and is also a detachable connection. It is mainly used for the case where one of the connected parts has a large thickness, requires a compact structure, or is not suitable for bolting due to frequent disassembly.
3. Screw:
It is also a type of fastener consisting of two parts, the head and the screw. It can be divided into three categories according to the purpose: machine screws, set screws and special purpose screws. The machine screw is mainly used for a tightly threaded part and a tight connection between a part with a through hole and does not require a nut fit (this type of connection is called a screw connection and is also a detachable connection; Fitted with a nut for a secure connection between two parts with through holes.) The set screw is primarily used to secure the relative position between the two parts. Special purpose screws such as eyebolts are used for lifting parts.
4. Nut:
With internal threaded holes, the shape is generally flat hexagonal column shape, but also has a flat square or flat cylindrical shape, with bolts, studs or machine screws for fastening two parts to make it a piece overall.
5. Self-tapping screws:
Similar to machine screws, but the threads on the screw are dedicated self-tapping screws. It is used to fasten and connect two thin metal members to make them a whole. The components need to be made into small holes in advance. Because of the high hardness of the screws, they can be directly screwed into the holes of the components. Form the corresponding internal thread. This type of connection is also a detachable connection.
6. Wood screws:
It is also similar to a machine screw, but the thread on the screw is a special wood screw thread that can be screwed directly into a wooden component (or part) for a metal (or non-metallic) part with a through hole and a wooden component Fasten and connect together. This connection is also a detachable connection.
7. Washer:
A type of fastener that has an oblate shape. Between the support surface of the bolt, the screw or the nut and the surface of the connecting part, it increases the contact surface area of ​​the connected part, reduces the pressure per unit area and protects the surface of the connected part from damage; another type of elastic washer, It also acts to prevent the nut from loosening.
8. Retaining ring:
It is installed in the shaft groove or hole of the machine or equipment to prevent the left and right parts of the shaft or the hole from moving.
9. Sales:
Mainly used for part positioning, and some can also be used for connecting parts, fixing parts, transmitting power or locking other fasteners.
10. Rivets:
A type of fastener consisting of a head and a shank for fastening a part (or member) that connects the two through holes to make it integral. This type of connection is called a rivet connection, referred to as riveting. Dependent and non-detachable connection. Because the two parts that are joined together must be separated, the rivets on the part must be destroyed.
11. Assembly and connection pair:
An assembly is a type of fastener that is supplied in combination, such as a combination of a certain machine screw (or bolt, self-supply screw) and a flat washer (or spring washer, lock washer); the connecting pair refers to a special bolt, A type of fastener supplied by a combination of a nut and a washer, such as a high strength large hex head bolt connection for a steel structure.
12. Welding nails:
A heterogeneous fastener consisting of a shank and a nail head (or a nailless head) is fixedly attached to a part (or member) by welding to be connected to other parts.
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