SMEs are like capillaries in the economic system. They create capital wealth and are also prone to blood loss. From a global perspective, small business financing issues are available to all countries. The China Banking Regulatory Commission recently issued the "Supplementary Notice on Supporting Commercial Banks to Further Improve Financial Services for Small and Micro Enterprises", hoping to support commercial banks to raise funds through the issuance of special financial bonds to distribute small and micro enterprise loans.
According to the investigation by the reporter, the relevant departments are actively approving the application for the bank to issue special financial bonds for small and micro enterprises. It is speculated that the first batch of small and micro enterprise financial bonds in China will soon be available. From a global perspective, the financing of small businesses is actually not easy. Even if countries use their own tricks, such as concessional loans, risk guarantees, tax incentives, financial subsidies, etc., there is no perfect way, only suitable or not. The right solution.
Zhang Zhe, a British correspondent, said that there are 4.47 million SMEs in the UK and the number of employees has reached 13.3 million, playing an important role in the economic life of the UK.
In the United States, based on this round of economic recession without an end, the history of bloody tears that have hit small businesses has been vividly remembered. Kim is a small business owner in California who works on social networking services. His staff has grown from 18 in the company's founding in 2006 to 29 now, but he doesn't know if it's lucky.
Kim: Our source of funds in this industry is generally in the hands of venture capitalists. Investors are optimistic about our technology and believe that our market prospects are obviously investing in us. Later, with the rapid economic downturn in 2008, it was not so easy to obtain investment in this area, but this may not be bad compared to it. I am close to the company because of funding problems. Because the economy is sluggish, the government has plans to assist small businesses, but the real thing is that there is no real measure for everyone. Many companies are easily placed outside the unplanned enterprises because of qualification issues.
In contrast, Mr. Ke Long, a researcher at the Fujitsu Research Institute in Japan, said that the United States tends to have different mechanisms for direct finance and venture capital investment in emerging industries. In Japan, like many East Asian countries, it pays more attention to indirect finance in traditional industries. channel. For small companies like Kim, which have high-tech development, Japan has its East Asian approach.
Ke Long: There are a lot of very small enterprises in high-tech development in Japan, but this kind of research and development actually has no capital income in its initial stage, because Japan does not have this venture capital mechanism like the United States. What should they do? They are actually more than the government's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. Under it, there is a small and medium-sized enterprise department that evaluates technology. Once the assessment is advanced and high-tech, it is forward-looking, and it will be injected as a reward.
In addition, the Japanese government pays more attention to more proactive financial subsidies for some traditional industries such as fisheries, fruit farmers, and animal husbandry.
Ke Long: There was a fisherman affected by the tsunami. His fishing boat was damaged by the tsunami. He had to buy another small fishing boat. He went to the organization of the fishery. In fact, it was an organization that the fishermen engaged in with the assistance of the government. After accepting the application of the fishermen, he gave him relevant materials. He applied again and the government would give him the corresponding subsidies. The gap in the amount of funds is to apply for a loan from the local credit treasury. A considerable portion of the interest on the loan will eventually be subsidized by the government.
Mr. Ke Long also said that in Japan, like many other countries, SME loans are not easy. After all, banks are pursuing the best interests, and the risk investigation of SMEs is often difficult.
Ke Long: Among the SMEs I know, these banks are also very cautious about lending to SMEs. After lending to SMEs, we can’t say that these SMEs are very good companies, and sometimes there will be moral corruption. Wait, such as borrowing money, not waiting, etc., there are risks. How to solve this problem? Japan established the SME Risk Survey Consortium government agency ten years ago, and the database of SMEs in Savannah is in the market. You only need to get in, and an industry or an industry can get the risk factor of the fishery, such as the bank. Or the financial institution calculates the maximum amount of money I should give him based on this risk factor. His system, on the one hand, guarantees him by the public, and on the other hand has an objective investigation. The comparison of the degree of risk of SMEs is a relatively objective and correct judgment.
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