Automotive adhesives are an important class of auxiliary materials needed for automotive production. It plays a special role in the enhancement of structure, sealing and rust prevention, vibration and noise reduction, thermal insulation and internal and external decoration of automobile products. With the development of lightweight, high-speed energy-saving, safe and comfortable, low-cost, long-life and pollution-free, the role of adhesive application technology in automobiles has become increasingly important. Understand the current status and research trends of automotive adhesive development and application at home and abroad, develop new varieties of automotive rubber that are more suitable for the automotive industry, grasp the future development trend and market demand, aim at foreign advanced level, and develop related rubber types. And application will certainly promote the improvement of domestic automobile manufacturing level and the development of the adhesive industry.
1. Environmental protection and energy conservation promote the development of automotive adhesive technology
The rapid development of adhesive technology allows us to design cars with lighter bodies and also allows us to use thinner steel plates. Some new platforms have begun to adopt this novel approach, and it is expected that a wider range of benefits will soon be realized. Ford used the impact-resistant durable structural adhesive on the upper part of the car to reduce the weight of the 2008 Ford Focus model by 3.7 pounds. Reduced solder joints, the next step is to reduce the amount of steel used. General Motors' extensive use of impact-resistant adhesives, rather than riveting, thermal joining, friction stir welding, and other similar methods, can be beneficial, which can reduce weight. If the rivets or something else has to be used to ensure that the body structure is securely installed together, the fastening installation in the factory can also be problematic. What is really needed is a glue bond that can be fixed and assembled right away. New GM's new vehicles, developed in Europe and Asia under the symbol Epsilon and Delta, will use newly developed impact-resistant adhesives. The new Opels will also use this advanced adhesive system. In Europe, automakers must reduce CO2 emissions from all passenger cars to less than 120g/km by 2012; the use of structural adhesives on the body is a leading technology in Europe. For example, anti-collision-stabilized adhesives are being used in new Mercedes and BMW models.
The bonding of the car, including the bonding of the glass to the flange template, has a long history. The weight of the car body accounts for 25% of the entire car, which is the main goal of reducing the weight of the car. Until recently, high-strength adhesives used in aircraft and other applications have been applied to automotive bodies because previous adhesives were brittle and brittle when hit, especially at lower temperatures. The development of a two-stage system that has changed the impact strength has brought a technological breakthrough to the adhesive. Chemical reactions in what is known as synergistic toughening enhancement produce reinforcing particles and toughening agents. Reinforcing particles can reduce fragmentation and absorb energy. Before the adhesive cures, these soft particles, which are only a few nanometers in size, are
It is evenly distributed throughout the matrix structure. Anti-collision-stabilized adhesives may be widely used in a new model made in Asia. The reason why the anti-collision-stabilized adhesive can be applied to a conventional automobile production system is because a key technology has emerged. That is, the glue is generally cured at around 356F, which allows the pretreatment electrocoating process to cure the structure without the use of a dedicated curing furnace. The latest category of this material can be used in the temperature range of -40 to 176F.
The fastest growing technology today is the use of hybrid bonding. Spot welding or other conventional fastening systems are required to provide initial strength. Another factor that has this status quo is that simulation techniques for predicting the performance of new anti-collision-stabilized adhesives are limited as part of overall vehicle testing. Another area where great progress has been made is high-strength steel, which is harder, so if it is less careful, it will quickly apply energy to the weld. The use of new adhesives can improve the integrity of the joint by providing a dual energy management system. A major technological breakthrough for the next generation of structural adhesives will emerge if the bond performance can be reliably predicted on automotive-scale applications and a faster assembled adhesive can be developed. But now the development progress is also very fast, and is associated with many types of mechanical design. Globally, the automotive industry's challenge is to improve vehicle fuel efficiency while improving safety, performance, and affordability. The most recent advance in connection technology is the performance of structural adhesives. Using mechanical fastening technology and structural adhesives, this structure was introduced in 2005 and uses mostly aluminum structural profiles. Self-piercing rivet connections are used where solder joints are used, and self-tapping screws are used on single-sided connections of closed structures. In the bond curing cycle, the two joining methods first secure the structure together and prevent the bond point from peeling off during the collision. Thermally cured structural adhesives are among the main joining media. This system is said to provide exceptional torsional strength.
The combination of self-piercing rivet (SPR) and adhesive has a much stronger resistance to flaking than the adhesive alone, and its strength is at least three times that of the riveting method alone. In addition, self-piercing rivets can be used before the adhesive is cured. The main structure is subjected to a fixture deplating process, and its geometry and size can be maintained without the need for an expert to fix it during the electrocoating process. This new method is required because spot welding and MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding can ablate aluminum.
2, the application range and performance indicators of automotive adhesives
Automotive adhesives refer to the various adhesives and sealants used in automotive production, including automotive welding, painting, final assembly engines, chassis components and manufacturing processes. A high-quality modern car involving more than 30 kinds of adhesive applications, they are respectively in the automotive product components reinforcement, fastening anti-loose, sealing rust, vibration and noise reduction, insulation silencer, interior and exterior decoration and simplify the manufacturing process The aspect played an important role.
Adhesives have many applications, such as wide application range, easy to use, and high economic efficiency. With the development of the economy and the advancement of technology, synthetic adhesives are increasingly replacing mechanical joints, and their applications have expanded to wood, processing, construction, automotive, light industry, clothing, packaging, printing and binding, electronics, communications, and aerospace. Aviation, machinery manufacturing, daily life and other fields. It has become a very promising fine chemical industry. With the development of the automotive industry, the development and application of high-performance and high-quality automotive adhesives have received increasing attention. Adhesives have special functions and practical value and are widely used in automobile production. There are more than 10,000 kinds of adhesives suitable for different purposes in the world. The selection of adhesives is based on the following four indicators.
Resistant to media properties. Air, water, oil, acid, etc. are collectively referred to as the quality. Most adhesives have the best performance against air media, and the bonding strength of the bonded parts in the air is the highest. The adhesion in different properties of gas or annotated media is quite different, and even the quality of the joints in the working process is mainly air, water, oil and acid. When using adhesives, choose a glue that is resistant to the media used. Bond strength. The breaking force at room temperature and air medium per 1 cm 2 of the bonding surface is called bonding strength, expressed in MPa. The bonding strength is divided into tensile strength, shear strength, torsional shear strength and peeling strength, respectively, which refer to the breaking strength of the bonding member in different stress directions. Select the adhesive, and select the appropriate strength glue according to the position and force of the mechanical parts.
Temperature resistance. Refers to the temperature range that can be withstood by the fully cured rubber layer, such as a certain temperature resistance -60 ° C ~ 120 ° C, that is, the viscosity can be applied in the range of -60 ° C ~ 120 ° C, beyond this limit, the adhesion is significantly reduced . Air-cooled engine in construction machinery, the body temperature can reach 130 °C. The hydraulic oil temperature can reach 120 °C, and the adhesive must be selected within the temperature range that the adhesive can withstand.
Curing time. The curing time can be divided into initial solid (or fixed) time and full solid time. It refers to the time required for the adhesive to be converted into a solid gum at the normal temperature during bonding. The initial solidification refers to the time required for the adhesive layer to withstand the adhesion of the adhesive member without its own weight; the full solidification refers to the time required for the adhesive layer to be completely cured and to achieve the highest adhesive strength and medium resistance. The adhesive can be divided into instant dry glue (or quick-drying glue) and slow-drying glue according to the initial solidification time. The initial solidification time of the instant adhesive is only a few seconds or tens of seconds. If the slow-drying glue needs to shorten the curing time, it can be heated by means of heat blowing, oven baking, etc., but the heating temperature and time should be determined according to different rubber types. Choose instant dry or slow dry glue, depending on the bonding conditions and work needs. In general, slow adhesives have better bond strength and dielectric resistance than instant glue.
The above points are the basic principles for selecting adhesives in automobile production. Only when the adhesives are properly selected can the expected results be achieved and the mechanical performance of the machines can be met.
3. Technical characteristics and application of typical automotive polyurethane adhesives
In recent years, the use of new materials such as lightweight metals, composites and plastics in automobiles has led to an increase in the amount of adhesives and sealants used in automobiles. Among them, automotive interior parts are an area in which the amount of adhesives is rapidly increasing. In addition, in recent years, the technology of using lightweight high-strength engineering plastics instead of steel sheets in automobiles has been rapidly developed, and in particular, glass fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) and sheet molding composites (SMC) are widely used in automobiles. FRP and SMC's body panels and exterior parts (such as the body canopy, cockpit top cover, etc.) have been widely used in the United States, Europe and Japan, but FRP and SMC cannot be assembled with the body frame using traditional welding techniques. technology. According to statistics, at present, each car in China uses about 20kg of glue, about 16kg for medium-sized cars and 22kg for heavy-duty cars. At present, the total annual demand for various types of adhesives and sealants in China's automobile industry reaches 100,000 tons, of which polyurethane glue is about 1480 tons. Polyurethane adhesives are mainly used in automotive applications for windshield, structural adhesives, filter cartridges and interior adhesives. Because polyurethane adhesives contain highly polar, highly active isocyanate groups and urethane groups, they have good chemical adhesion to materials containing active hydrogen, such as foam, wood, leather, fabric, paper, ceramics, etc. Materials and materials such as glass, metal, rubber, plastic, etc. The hydrogen bonding between the polyurethane and the material to be bonded enhances the intramolecular force, making the bonding stronger. By adjusting the ratio and structure of the soft and hard segments in the solidified molecule, adhesives of different hardness and elongation can be obtained, and the adhesive layer can be arbitrarily adjusted from flexibility to rigidity. At the same time, the polyurethane adhesive can be cured by heating or room temperature, the bonding process is simple, the operation performance is excellent, the cured polyurethane adhesive has high strength, wear resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance and ozone resistance. It has a wide range of applications in various fields of national economy such as construction, industry, and automobiles. The application of polyurethane adhesives in automobiles is as follows:
Windshield glass glue refers to the fixed seal of the window glass and the body, also known as sealant. One-component moisture-curing polyurethane sealant is currently widely used. The windshield of automobiles is now almost 100% using one-component moisture-curing polyurethane adhesives. This type of adhesive structure contains active NCO groups which react with trace amounts of moisture in the air when exposed to air. When bonded, it can react with water absorbed on the surface of the substrate and active hydrogen groups such as hydroxyl groups present on the surface. The group undergoes a chemical reaction to form a urea bond structure. Therefore, the composition of the adhesive layer after curing of the moisture-curable polyurethane adhesive is a polyurethane-polyurea structure. Polyols commonly used in the preparation of moisture-curing polyurethane adhesives are polyether polyols and polyester polyols. The molecular weight of the polyol is usually between 500 and 3,000. Commonly used isocyanates are MDI, TDI, HDI, IPDI, and the like. The NCO content of the moisture-curing adhesive is usually between 2% and 10%. The polyester polyol main chain is a COO-bond. The bond has a high polarity and a strong cohesive force, and because the cohesive energy of the bond is large, Polyester adhesives have high temperature resistance and oil resistance. However, since this bond is easily hydrolyzed, the hydrolysis resistance of the polyester type polyurethane adhesive material is not preferable. The polyurethane resin synthesized from polyether polyol has an ether bond structural unit in its main chain, which belongs to a flexible chain, and the ether bond is not easily hydrolyzed, so it has better flexibility and hydrolysis resistance than the corresponding polyester polyol. Low temperature resistance, but the ether bond is not as polar as the ester bond, and its adhesion and high temperature resistance are not as good as polyester polyurethane adhesive. Therefore, most of the research on single-component polyurethane adhesive prepolymers nowadays is based on how to overcome the shortcomings of single prepolymer adhesives, and obtain a one-component moisture-curing polyurethane adhesive with high comprehensive performance. Of course, in addition to the performance of the glue itself, the construction process also has a greater impact on its final performance. The construction process includes preparation before construction → cleaning activation → primer application → sizing → glass assembly → fixing → cleaning → glass sealing. Each process should be carefully and carefully operated according to the operation process. Even a small negligence will cause weak links in use, which will affect its construction quality and service life.
Structural adhesives are mainly used for the bonding of automotive parts, and structural adhesives are mostly solvent-free two-component polyurethane adhesives. Structural polyurethane adhesive is a structural component used to join metal, plastic, glass, wood, etc. in the form of bolts, rivets or welding. It is an adhesive that can withstand large dynamic loads, static load and long-term use. The first successful bonding for automotive parts was Goodyear's Pliogrip, a solvent-free two-component reactive adhesive that was used in the early years for the bonding of 5MC hoods for trucks. The SMC (sheet molding compound) parts of the truck are bonded to it and then extended to FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) parts.
The synthetic solvent-free structured polyurethane adhesive has the characteristics of simple use process, convenient storage and transportation, room temperature curing or heat curing, and the rubber layer has elasticity and high shear strength, and has achieved satisfactory results in application. In order to make structural polyurethane adhesives more competitive, researchers in various countries are continuing to work on a large number of modification work. For example, in order to further improve heat resistance and strength, epoxy resin modified polyurethane adhesives, ie, isocyanate groups ( The prepolymer of NCO is reacted with an epoxy group-containing alcohol to form an epoxy group oligomer of an epoxy group, and then cross-linking and solidification is carried out by reacting an epoxy group with an amine, thereby obtaining a high hardness. , high shear strength and high chemical resistance polyurethane-epoxy-polyurea structure adhesive. Polyurethane adhesive modified by adding nano-filler can not only reduce the cost, but also improve its crystallinity, and greatly improve the shear strength and initial adhesion. Polyurethane, acrylate graft or copolymerization and interpenetration with polystyrene The modified solvent-free polyurethane adhesive of the network can be used without the primer, not only to improve the curing speed and initial tack, but also to prevent the generation of bubbles; different types of polyols and polyisocyanates with different structures can be used to make different kinds of adhesives to adapt. Bonding of different substrates tends to make the adhesive functional.
Filter cartridge rubber refers to the rubber for automotive filter cartridges. Since the 1970s, paper filter cartridges have been used in the automotive industry, which has led to the rapid development of the filter cartridge industry. At present, the annual demand for adhesives used in filters in China has been More than 10,000 tons. The filter core is multi-component polyurethane adhesive. The quality of the adhesive directly affects the quality and service life of the filter product. As a professional manufacturer of filter, it attaches great importance to the selection of adhesives and formulates a reasonable bonding process according to the characteristics of the adhesive to improve product quality. The air filter element adhesive is a room temperature curing two-component polyurethane adhesive, which has the characteristics of simple operation process, room temperature curing, non-toxic or low toxicity, quick drying, and is not affected by weather and environment.
Automotive interior adhesive: Interior adhesive refers to the bonding of automotive interiors, floors, carpets, instrument panels, door panels and other interior parts. Waterborne polyurethane adhesives are often used. Foam-backed vinyl, automotive and fiberboard and other hard substrates have been used in the past. Solvent-based adhesives have been used in the past. With the improvement of environmental regulations and environmental awareness, solvent-based automotive adhesives will Gradually replaced by environmentally friendly adhesives, such as water-based adhesives, especially the promotion and application of water-based automotive interior adhesives is imperative.
With the increasing use of new automotive plastic parts and the continuous water-based automotive interior adhesives, the amount of water-based adhesives in automobiles will continue to increase. Water-based polyurethane adhesives in advanced automotive producing countries such as Western Europe and Japan will be 8% per year~ At a rate of 10%, US water-based adhesives account for 60% of the total, and Japan's automotive interior adhesives are almost completely water-based. China has now become the world's largest automobile production country. Automotive interior rubber accounts for more than 20% of the total automotive rubber. If the interior rubber is fully water-based, the output and economic benefits will be considerable.
Compared with solvent-based polyurethane adhesives, waterborne polyurethane adhesives have the following characteristics: the viscosity does not vary significantly with the change of the molecular weight of the polymer, so that the polymer can be polymerized to increase its cohesive strength; and the solvent-type viscosity is polymerized. The increase in molecular weight increases exponentially, and gelation occurs easily during cross-linking. Easy to mix with other resins or pigments to improve performance and reduce costs. At the same solid content, the viscosity of the aqueous adhesive is generally lower than that of the solvent type. When the particle size of the dispersion is small, the viscosity of the aqueous adhesive increases, and the viscosity of the solvent type increases sharply as the solid content increases. Easy to formulate and easy to clean. Non-combustible, non-toxic, suitable for substrates that are easily etched by organic solvents, but the drying process is slower than the solvent type, and the energy consumption is large, and the initial viscosity is worse than the solvent type. Waterborne polyurethanes were also gradually used in automotive interiors in the 1990s. At present, countries are further working on water-based polyurethane adhesives to reduce costs and improve performance. The United States Leung, PakT and other development of water-based polyurethane adhesives suitable for thermoforming lamination process, the bonding strength and heat resistance is much higher than the solvent-type or other water-based adhesives currently used to form the outer PVC film. For car dashboards, door panels and other interior components. In Japan, for the problem of low initial adhesion, epoxy resin was introduced into the polyurethane structure, and a product with good initial tack was successfully developed.
According to the current view, solvent-based polyurethane adhesives will occupy a considerable market share in the future. Future research should reduce costs, related additives for waterborne polyurethanes, realize serialization and functionalization of waterborne polyurethanes, and strengthen And improve the research on the theory and mechanism of waterborne polyurethane.
4. Application status of domestic automotive adhesives
China's automobile industry has been developing slowly for a long period of time. The application of glue sealing technology in automobiles is also at a very low level. It is characterized by low variety of automotive adhesives, low technical content, and the role of automobile manufacturers in automotive rubber. There is also a lack of awareness. Since the 1980s, China's automobile industry has introduced nearly 70 complete vehicle and key parts manufacturing technologies. With the deepening of the introduction and absorption of imported technologies, automotive bonding and sealing technology has developed rapidly, and various uses have been used. Car adhesives have sprung up. Especially since the 1990s, the great situation of China's reform and opening up has promoted the rapid development of various types of passenger vehicles represented by the automobile industry, especially cars. The demand for adhesives for high-quality automobiles has made such products research and production. And application aspects of the development of high performance, multi-variety, serialization and specialization, some high-performance high-tech automotive adhesives, such as high-strength pre-coated microcapsule anaerobic adhesive, moisture-curing polyurethane windshield The successful development and application of rubber and two-component spray-type water-based ceiling adhesives has marked the improvement of domestic automotive rubber to a new level. Research institutes with strong research and development strength, they closely cooperate with automobile manufacturers, and carry out some high-tech automotive rubber research and development, and make positive contributions to the localization of materials introduced by the automobile industry. Adhesive enterprises with high R&D level and considerable production scale, they are close to the rubber industry market for automotive industry, forming a unique automotive adhesive fist product, providing more than 100 kinds of adhesives and sealants for the automotive industry, supporting The development of China's automobile industry has become a backbone enterprise in China's automotive adhesive production. Representing the adhesive joint ventures of automotive rubber grades in today's advanced industrial countries, they have introduced foreign advanced automotive rubber products into the rubber market of China's automobile industry, meeting the demand of domestically introduced vehicle manufacturers for some specific rubber types and promoting the adhesives in China. The further development of the industry is also an important producer and supplier of the domestic automotive adhesive industry. Many medium and small-sized automobile adhesive manufacturers with general R&D and production capacity provide many auto manufacturers with their own special features to meet the general technical requirements with their high product quality, low product price and good after-sales service. Automotive rubber products also occupy a considerable share in the domestic automotive adhesive market.
In the past 10 years, the rapid development of China's automobile industry has driven the development of related industries, and the situation in which the automotive adhesive industry has been arguing with hundreds of schools has basically taken shape. At present, it involves a variety of adhesives required for the entire manufacturing process of automobiles, such as spot welding glue for body welding, hemming rubber, vibration damping rubber, weld sealant for body coating, anti-stone coating, heat insulation damping. Rubber sheet, ceiling rubber for body interior, butyl tape, windshield glass glue, various types of liquid sealant for flat seals such as engine and axle, various types of anaerobic adhesive for screwing or sealing of screw parts, car zero The brake shoe glue for the parts, the lamp sealant, the filter element and the various sand adhesives, mold glue and paint protection tape required for the manufacturing process, etc., basically have corresponding products in the country, thus Provide a wider choice of space for car manufacturers.
At present, it involves five types of rubber types required for the entire manufacturing process of automobiles, namely, body, interior, engine, chassis parts and rubber for automobile manufacturing process, such as spot welding sealant used for car body phosphating treatment. Side rubber, reinforced anti-vibration rubber and weld seam sealant for pre-coating, anti-stone coating, heat-insulating damping rubber and finger pressure sealant, ceiling rubber for body interior, butyl sealing tape, engine plane Various types of liquid sealant for sealing, various anaerobic adhesives for screwing and sealing, brake shoe glue for parts, lamp sealant, filter element and various pressure sensitive adhesive tapes used in manufacturing process, etc. Etc., basically there are corresponding products in China. Now, for the entire automotive industry, the application of automotive adhesives, regardless of the type of rubber used, or the use of parts and the average amount of bicycles, are close to the world's advanced level. However, it should also be noted that although the domestic adhesive varieties have developed rapidly, they still fail to fully meet the special requirements of the automotive industry. Its performance is incomplete variety of adhesives, some products have gaps in performance, the quality is not stable enough, the products have not formed serialization and standardization, and some varieties and raw materials still need to be imported. In addition, the development of special rubber coating equipment required by the relevant domestic industries for the automotive industry lags far behind the development of automotive adhesives, which limits the promotion and application of excellent rubber grades or the performance of good performance to some extent.
5. Research and application of automotive adhesives
The trend of automobile manufacturing to energy saving, environmental protection, safety and comfort, low cost and long life has put forward higher and higher requirements on the performance and process performance of automotive adhesives. The research and application of several major automotive adhesives at home and abroad are as follows.
Car folding edge glue. As a kind of structural adhesive for vehicles, Folding Adhesive is mainly used for the bonding of the inner and outer flanges of the door, engine cover and trunk cover, replacing the original spot welding structure. The main varieties of hem rubber are epoxy resin, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate. Epoxy resin hemming adhesive has high bonding strength, no corrosive gas release when it is decomposed by heat, and has good comprehensive performance. It is currently the most widely used automobile manufacturer at home and abroad, and it is also a kind of structural adhesive which has the most research on performance improvement. There are many varieties of epoxy resin-made hem rubber, and these varieties are basically developed according to the technical requirements of the models introduced by the relevant automobile manufacturers. In order to obtain the semi-structured hemming adhesive suitable for the requirements of the Nanqi Iveco model, Chenguang Chemical Research Institute adopts the technical route of polyurethane modified epoxy resin, and the interpenetrating network polymer EPU is used as the substrate of the rubber compound. Semi-structural adhesives for automobiles with different bonding strengths and elongations are prepared according to different ratios. At the same time, it has also developed the NCO-based action of the prepolymer, and can reduce the decomposition temperature of the dicyandiamide curing agent. After the compounding, it can be used as a dicyandiamide accelerator, which can be stored at room temperature for a long time, at 150-180 °C. The curing accelerator ICN, which can be quickly cured, has the performance of the CA-3 and CA-4 semi-structural adhesives which have reached the level of similar products of the Italian paint company.
Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. uses a carboxyl-terminated nitrile rubber modified epoxy resin to synthesize a highly active block copolymer prepolymer and use it as a substrate component in the development and application of lightweight car door folding edge glue. Adjusting other compounding agents to develop a folded edge rubber with good thixotropy, oil surface adhesion, low temperature fluidity and high strength (shear strength >20MPa) and high toughness (T-peel strength >30N.cm-1) Its comprehensive performance is equivalent to the similar product of Corabond HC7707 of PPG Company of the United States. In order to improve the filling rate of the adhesive at the folded portion of the workpiece and reduce the pre-curing temperature of the rubber, Japan has developed a "simulated curing" or "false curing" epoxy folding rubber. The method comprises the steps of: adding a solid acrylate powder having a shape to the epoxy resin, the solid powder is expanded at a lower temperature of 112 to 115 ° C to form a gelled film, and the pseudo-cure is formed when the epoxy resin has not reacted. ". In order to reduce the quality of the car, the steel sheets for automobiles are thinned as much as possible. Conventional induction heating and curing of the crimped rubber may cause deformation of the steel sheet assembly at a higher pre-curing temperature, and the one-component epoxy resin crimping adhesive which can be cured at a lower induction heating temperature has a storage period. Short question. The above problem has been successfully solved by a newly developed low temperature induction curing epoxy resin hemming adhesive. It is characterized by the addition of a modified amine curing agent to the epoxy resin substrate. The modified amine has a much lower activation temperature than the standard dicyandiamide/urea curing system at lower induction heating temperatures. The temperature is much lower than the temperature at which the steel sheet is deformed. The rubber compound can be pre-cured and exhibits good adhesion properties to materials such as electrogalvanized steel sheets, hot-dip galvanized steel sheets and aluminum alloy steel sheets.
Ceiling adhesive. Ceiling adhesive refers to the adhesive for the soft or hard ceiling material of the car body interior. The soft roof is made of PVC skin material or fabric and PU soft foam plastic. The hard roof is made of corrugated paper and felt. For a long time, the adhesive for the soft roof of the car body is a solvent-type neoprene adhesive. The adhesive has good initial tack, flexible rubber layer and high normal bonding strength. It is suitable for automobile production line production, but it has toxic solvent in rubber. Pollution of the environment, damage to workers' health and fire hazards, the solvent on the PVC skin plasticizer is likely to cause PVC wrinkles or discoloration and affect the appearance; in addition, the heat resistance of the rubber layer is likely to cause the ceiling to fall off. The development of water-based roofing adhesives that overcome these drawbacks is expected by automotive manufacturers. In the early 1980s, Japan successfully developed a hybrid water-based roofing adhesive that was promoted and applied in the Japanese automotive industry. The adhesive is a two-component water-based glue which is composed of a polyacrylate emulsion as a main agent and an aqueous solution of an organic metal salt capable of rapidly gelling the emulsion as a gelling agent. In use, the two components are sprayed at a certain ratio through a high pressure spray gun, atomized and mixed, and instantly geled on the PU soft foam of the material to be bonded, and the resulting film has adhesive properties. Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. has developed a two-component water-based ceiling adhesive, and its performance indicators have reached the technical level of Japanese two-component water-based rubber, and it has been applied to heavy truck type. The two-component water-based glue has strict requirements on the ratio of the main agent and the gelling agent in use, and it is required to configure a main agent pump having a certain compression ratio, a two-component proportional control system, and a two-port spray gun. Gluing equipment, its application range is limited.
Weld sealant. Weld sealant is an important type of rubber used in body painting. The body finish is applied to the outer weld before curing. After curing, it becomes an elastic body with a certain bond strength, which can effectively seal and prevent leakage and strengthen. The car body anti-rust ability and increase the car's aesthetic performance. Earlier, the rubber used for body weld sealing was a two-component polysulfide rubber sealant that needed to be proportioned on site. In the late 1980s, it was replaced by PVC plastisol to meet the general needs of general use. Type PVC resin type weld sealant has many domestic manufacturers. In recent years, with the advancement of PVC resin technology and the application of tackifiers, micro-crosslinking resins and nano-materials, high-performance PVC resin with distinctive characteristics Type weld bead sealant has been continuously developed and applied, as well as oil-surface bonding type, and there are many examples of development and application of PVC plastisol resistant to pre-treatment liquid type, such as LY-2A weld sealant, suitable for welding process Or the inner and outer panel seams and weld seams of the coating process, the oil surface adhesion of the product is good, and all the seam welds, seams, crimps, etc. of the vehicle body can be completely sealed before entering the pretreatment line, and the electrophoretic paint is applied. The system has no adverse effects and has good bond strength, elasticity, sealing and durability after curing with primer, intermediate and topcoat baking temperatures. Another development and application of weld sealant is the wet-drying method; that is, the paste form is used instead of the paste form, especially for the outer weld seam of the body, such as the outer weld of the double-row seat cover. Sealing, in addition to easy operation and clean environment, the product has a smooth and smooth appearance, which greatly improves the sealing rust resistance and aesthetics of the body.
Windshield adhesive sealant. The use of "direct bonding method" for the assembly of windshields for cars and high-end passenger cars is an advanced technology that has been widely adopted by domestic automobile manufacturers. Compared with the traditional rubber sealing strip fixed windshield assembly process, it has outstanding features such as high fixing strength, good sealing performance, simple assembly process and beautiful appearance. One-component moisture-curing polyurethane adhesive sealant is the most ideal adhesive for "direct bonding". This adhesive was first developed by Essex Chemical Company in the early 1970s and was first used as a replacement for polysulfide rubber adhesives at General Motors. One-component polyurethane windshield glass glue is usually used in combination with glass primer and lacquer primer. The moisture-cured rubber compound requires bond shear strength greater than 3.5 MPa, tensile strength greater than 5.0 MPa, and elongation at break. The long-term rate is over 350%. It is also required to cure quickly at room temperature, and the operation stackability is better. Under normal conditions, the storage period should be more than 6 months. Due to the stringent requirements of these unique properties and process performance, coupled with the lack of domestic raw materials and equipment, it is very difficult to develop and produce such products. Therefore, the single-component polyurethane adhesive used in the bonding assembly of some imported windshields in China is imported. In order to meet the needs of the development of the domestic automotive industry, one-component moisture-curing polyurethane windshield glass glue has been listed as one of the national key scientific and technological research and development of new varieties of adhesives. To this end, domestic research units are actively developing and developing. The research work is based on domestic raw materials and equipment conditions, using polyether polyols and polyisocyanates as raw materials, and the performance of the products in use reaches the technical requirements of automotive windshield adhesive/sealant. In recent years, the development and research of one-component wet-solid polyurethane windshield glass glue has made new progress. The domestically developed products of domestic Aobo Company adopt domestically produced raw materials and adopt unique synthetic formulas and processes. At the same time, it has been successfully applied to four kinds of primers such as metal, glass and lacquer. The physical and mechanical properties and process performance of its products meet the German public standards. At present, the series products have begun to be applied in many domestic automobile factories.
Insulation damping rubber sheet. Insulation damping rubber sheet is used for the laying of automobile floor, door inner panel and side wall. Its main function is to prevent heat, sound and vibration and reduce noise. It is also the largest forming joint sealing material in automobile production. one. Widely used in heavy, medium, light, micro, and sedan models. At present, there are many productions in China. Most of the existing domestic insulation viscous rubber sheet products are based on asphalt and recycled rubber. The three basic types of hot-melt, self-adhesive and magnetic products can meet the requirements of most domestic auto manufacturers. Products are trending toward lower density and asphalt-free substrates. The development of the use of asphalt-free damping rubber sheets has gradually gained people's attention due to the possible existence of asphalt damping rubber sheets, which may be detrimental to human health due to heat and long-term use. According to reports, foreign companies such as Steyr, Man Yi and Mercedes-Benz have adopted asphalt-free damping sheets.ç›®å‰åœ¨æ–¯å¤ªå°”å…¬å¸æ–°å»ºçš„油漆涂装生产线上，使用了两ç§æ— æ²¥é’阻尼æ料，其主è¦æˆåˆ†æ˜¯èšä¸™çƒ¯é…¸é…¯å’Œèšé†‹é…¸ä¹™çƒ¯é…¯ç±»ã€‚第一ç§æ˜¯çƒç†”åž‹çš„ï¼Œä½¿ç”¨ä¼ ç»Ÿå·¥è‰ºåœ¨åº•æ¼†å®ŒæˆåŽé“ºæ”¾ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒç§ä¸ºå–·æ¶‚型的，是在底漆之åŽå¯¹æ‰€éœ€ç”¨éƒ¨ä½è¿›è¡Œå–·æ¶‚，厚度å¯è¾¾3～5mm，然åŽå’Œé˜²çŸ³å‡»æ¶‚料一起烘烤固化。这ç§å–·æ¶‚型阻尼ææ–™ä¸Žä¼ ç»Ÿçš„äºˆæˆåž‹é˜»å°¼èƒ¶æ¿ç›¸æ¯”，具有整体密å°æ€§èƒ½å¥½ã€ç²˜æŽ¥å¼ºåº¦é«˜ã€å¼¹æ€§å¥½ã€è€å¯’性能优异的特点。
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