A biocompatible stent recently developed by Canadian engineers can “snap†a piece of beating heart cells like a “velcroâ€, making the assembly of functional heart tissue as simple as a shoe buckle.
Zhang Boyang, a Ph.D. student in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Toronto, told the Science and Technology Daily that the heart is woven from a number of strips of myocardial fiber tissue. "If a single fiber is used as a one-dimensional structure, the second is to repair the damaged heart." The step is to create a two-dimensional structure and then assemble it into a three-dimensional structure."
Two years ago, Zhang Boyang's team invented the "Biowire", which mimics the way muscle fibers grow in the heart. The latest research extends the “bioline†technology from one-dimensional space to three-dimensional space. They created a two-dimensional grid for cell growth using the special polymer POMaC. The grid can be made into a honeycomb-like shape, but the holes are not symmetrical and one side is wider than the other. This grid structure provides the cell with a "sitting" template. When stimulated with electrical current, the cardiomyocytes contract together, causing the flexible polymer to bend.
The research team published a paper in the latest issue of Science Progress, saying that T-shaped "pillars" are bound to the honeycomb. When the second layer is superimposed on it, these "pillars" will wear like small hooks. The honeycomb hole is fastened in place. This is like a plastic hook and loop on a Velcro tape that is inspired by the hooks that the plant creates to stick the seed to the animal.
Zhang Boyang said that the advantages of this technology are manifested in three aspects: the "magic paste" structure makes the myocardial tissue assembly faster; the cells can be polymerized into the strip fibers required for myocardial tissue, and several layers of mesh are superimposed like springs. The cells are stretchable and pulsating; the functions of assembly and disassembly can be used in many research fields.
The technology will eventually be used to create artificial tissue that repairs damaged hearts, and its modular nature makes it easier to customize the implant for the patient. In the future, these micro-modules may be constructed to any size required for surgery, and the polymer scaffold itself is biodegradable and will gradually decompose and be absorbed by the body in just a few months.
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