According to foreign media reports, compared with incandescent lamps, LED bulbs are known for using relatively little electricity to generate a lot of light. However, according to a new study, a thin layer of nanoparticles can make them perform better. A typical LED diode consists of a light-emitting LED chip surrounded by a transparent protective dome housing/lens. Although most of the light generated by the chip passes directly through the housing, some of it is reflected back inside.
Unfortunately, the reflected light is wasted because it does not enter the diode environment to provide illumination. In addition, it will increase the temperature inside the diode, resulting in faster degradation of the chip-which means that the LED will not last as long as other lighting methods.
In order to find a solution to this problem, scientists at Imperial College London and the Indian Institute of Technology recently developed a computer model in which a layer of transparent cheap metal nanoparticles is added between the LED chip and its housing.
The effect of these particles is a bit like a microlens grid, which changes the angle of light contact with the shell material. As a result, more than 20% of the light can pass through instead of being reflected back. This means that the same amount of electricity can release more light, and the temperature of the LED should be lower, so the service life will become longer.
The current plan is to use this technology to produce prototype diodes so that variables such as nanoparticle materials, size, shape and spacing can be tested and adjusted.
Dr. Debabrata Sikdar of IIT Guwahati, a co-author of the research paper, said: “Although there have been proposals for improvements to the enclosure before, most of them will make the LEDs more bulky or difficult to manufacture, which reduces the improvement. We believe that, based on the basic theory and our detailed and balanced optimization analysis, our innovations can be introduced into the existing manufacturing process with little damage or increase in volume."
Related research reports have been published on "Light: Science & Applications".
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