1. Production measures that are inevitable and important
The above situation involves the rotation of two crops of corn and winter wheat, which is a relatively common production mode in the Huanghuai River Basin and is representative. With the improvement of the degree of agricultural mechanization and the cultivation system, the one-time harvesting of corn threshing and stalking and returning to the field, and the cultivation and cultivation measures of sowing wheat after the operation of the rotary tiller are emerging and rapidly expanding. This new production process is time-saving, labor-saving, efficient, and has many advantages such as avoiding incineration, environmental friendliness, etc., and is easy to promote.
Everything has a dual nature. When the combine machine harvests corn, a large amount of corn kernels are scattered in the field. The ecological conditions during this period are extremely favorable for germination and emergence, and the negative effects are as described above. Returning corn stalks to the field can increase soil organic matter content in the long run, but it is not conducive to wheat rooting soil before winter. Compared with wheat grains, corn kernels are large, germs are thick, roots are developed, growth is strong, and leaf area coverage is large, which has obvious advantages in competition with wheat. Fortunately, as the temperature drops, they will naturally die before the arrival of the winter, and they will not be able to winter, otherwise it will cause more trouble.
2. Spontaneous corn seedlings should not be controlled and how to prevent them
According to the definition of weeds by the International Weed Society: “plants that have been in the wrong time and placeâ€, these corn seedlings should be winter wheat weeds. If so many weeds cause certain harm, they should be prevented. However, in production, we have not seen any measures to prevent self-produced corn seedlings in winter wheat fields. What are the reasons? First, this phenomenon has only occurred in recent years, and it has not attracted enough attention. Second, they naturally die before winter, and people think that it is not necessary to prevent and cure. Third, it is important to conduct systematic research on whether to conduct systematic research on prevention and control. Sex, there is still not enough theoretical figures.
For the self-produced corn seedlings in the wheat field, if you need to prevent it, the author believes that several aspects should be done:
The first is to carry out the reform of the harvesting machinery, minimize the corn kernels dropped in the fields, and solve the fundamental problems from the source.
The second is chemical agents. Because the corn kernel is much larger than the wheat grain, the emergence time is earlier than the wheat seedling, and it belongs to the grass family. It is difficult to choose the soil treatment agent. The most promising stem and leaf weeding is from the current application of fenoxapropion, methyl disulfuron, acesulfame, flufensulfuron, oxazolin, acetyl oxalic acid, isoproturon After the bioassay test, it is clear which pesticide has the best control effect, and the amount of the mu, the amount of the drug, the width of the drug, the cost of the mu, and whether it is carried out simultaneously with the prevention of other grasses are determined after the system test.
From the field investigation, corn sprouting emerged earlier than other grass weeds in wheat fields, which also brought some trouble to prevention and control. Whether the various agents used in rice fields to control weeds in weeds can be cited in winter wheat fields to control self-produced corn seedlings, and hope is not great.
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