Common pests and diseases in plants and their control methods:
Whiteflies:
Whiteflies can cause serious damage to crops. The first signs include yellowing of the younger leaves, which may eventually lead to wilting and death of the entire plant.
Prevention and Control:
(1) Use fine mesh nets to prevent whiteflies from entering the growing area.
(2) Clear the planting site thoroughly before sowing and remove weeds to reduce pest breeding grounds.
(3) Apply a solution of 2.5% Kung Fu at 2500-3000 times dilution or 20% insecticide at 2500 times dilution, spraying the entire plant for effective control.
Gray Mold:
Gray mold is often caused by excessive rain or overwatering during the rainy season. Initially, water-soaked brown spots appear on the leaf edges, which can spread and cause rotting of stems and leaves. High humidity promotes the growth of gray mold on infected areas.
Prevention and Treatment:
(1) Keep the growing medium slightly dry and avoid overwatering. Ensure good air circulation in the growing area to reduce moisture levels.
(2) Disinfect the soil thoroughly before planting to eliminate pathogens.
(3) Before planting, disinfect the site with chlorothalonil at a rate of 200 grams per mu. Continue the treatment every 10 days after planting.
(4) If the disease occurs, spray the entire plant with a 50% solution diluted 1500 times or apply a bacterial solution at 2000 times dilution for effective control.
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