Glass water, also known as windshield washer fluid, is an essential automotive product used to clean the front and rear windshields of vehicles. It is typically composed of water, alcohol, ethylene glycol, corrosion inhibitors, and various surfactants. These ingredients work together to ensure effective cleaning while protecting the windshield and wiper system from damage.
There are several types of glass water available on the market, each designed for different weather conditions and needs. The most common type is the summer formula, which often includes a resin component to remove bugs, sap, and other debris that stick to the windshield. In colder climates, antifreeze glass water is recommended. This type is formulated to withstand temperatures as low as -20°C without freezing or clogging the system. For extreme cold, there's also a special winter-grade glass water that can resist freezing down to -40°C, making it ideal for drivers in northern regions.
Another option is concentrated glass water, which must be mixed with distilled water before use. While this type offers better cleaning and protection properties, it is less convenient due to the need for mixing and is not as cost-effective. As a result, it’s less commonly used by everyday consumers.
The main functions of glass water include cleaning and lubrication. The cleaning action removes dirt, grime, and other contaminants from the windshield, while the lubricating effect reduces friction between the wiper blade and the glass, allowing for smoother operation. Additionally, glass water provides protective benefits, such as anti-freeze and anti-fog properties. The alcohol and ethylene glycol in the solution lower the freezing point, preventing ice formation and helping to defrost the windshield. It also contains corrosion inhibitors that protect the windshield from acidic or alkaline substances and do not harm the car’s paint or rubber components.
When purchasing glass water, it’s important to consider your local climate. In winter, opt for antifreeze formulas, while in warmer months, a standard summer version may suffice. Domestic brands are usually sufficient for regular use, with prices ranging from 5 to 20 yuan. You can find them at auto parts stores or supermarkets.
It’s worth noting that some car owners attempt to make their own glass water by mixing tap water and dish soap. However, this practice is strongly discouraged. Commercial glass water is specifically formulated to dissolve completely and avoid residue buildup. Tap water and household detergents, on the other hand, can leave behind sediment, corrode rubber hoses, and even clog the spray nozzles. Moreover, many detergents are alkaline, which can harden the wiper blades and cause scratches on the windshield, affecting visibility and safety.
Tap water also contains impurities that can freeze inside the reservoir and pipes, especially in cold weather. If you're caught in an emergency situation and run out of glass water, it’s best to use distilled or purified water temporarily. Always refill with proper glass water after use to maintain the performance and longevity of your vehicle’s windshield system.
In summary, using the right type of glass water is crucial for both the effectiveness of your windshield cleaning and the maintenance of your car’s wiper system. Avoid DIY solutions and always choose a quality product that matches your driving conditions.
OTIS Elevator Spare Parts
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Otis is the world's largest manufacturer and maintainer of people-moving products, including elevators, escalators and moving walkways. Founded more than 160 years ago by the inventor of the safety elevator, Otis offers products and services through its companies in more than 200 countries and territories, and maintains approximately 1.9 million elevators and escalators worldwide. Otis is a unit of United Technologies Corp., a leading provider to the aerospace and building systems industries worldwide
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People
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Nearly 66,000 employees globally with approximately 1,000 branch offices
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Revenue
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$12 billion in 2015
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Installed Base
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Approximately 2.6 million Otis® elevators and escalators in operation worldwide
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Service Base
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Approximately 1.9 million elevators and escalators serviced by Otis worldwide
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Countries
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Products sold and serviced in more than 200 countries and territories
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Manufacturing
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Major manufacturing facilities on four continents
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Engineering and Test Centers
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Otis has a network of research and engineering facilities and test towers around the world
Company's two tallest elevator test towers are located in Shibayama, Japan (505 feet or 154 meters above ground; 89 feet or 27 meters below ground) and Bristol, Conn., United States (384 feet or 117 meters above ground)
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CEP Elevator Products ( China ) Co., Ltd. , https://www.china-elevators.com