Common malformed fruits in greenhouse tomatoes include ventricular fruit, hollow fruit, cracked fruit, umbilical fruit and sunburn fruit. The reason for the formation of malformed fruit is that the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the seedling stage is excessive, the growth of the aboveground part is too strong, and the crown-root ratio is out of regulation; the second is the continuous low temperature (6 °C to 8 °C) when the flower bud is differentiated, and the nutrients consumed by the tomato respiration Relatively reduced, the nutrients accumulated in the flower plant increased, the number of carpels formed more, easy to form multi-ventricular malformation fruit; Third, the plant aging, when the temperature is low, the light is poor, the flower and the fruit can not develop normally, easy to form a tip fruit; The temperature in the shed is high, the humidity is high, the light is insufficient, the pollen is aborted, the fertilization is poor, the pectin content in the fruit is small, and the hollow fruit is easy to form; the fifth is that the calcium supply in the nutrient is insufficient, and the cracked fruit and the navel fruit are easily formed; Sixth, when the concentration is improper when using hormone treatment, or the plant grows weakly, it will also produce hollow fruit or sour berries; the seventh is to remove too much old leaves, easy to form sunburn fruit and poorly colored fruit.
In order to improve tomato yield, improve fruit quality and reduce the formation of deformed fruit, the following technical measures should be taken:
First, do a good job in fertilizer management. In the early stage of growth, the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled. During the flowering and fruiting period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied in a balanced manner, and boron fertilizer and calcium fertilizer should be added. At the peak of fruit setting, 0.5% superphosphate solution or 0.7% calcium chloride and 0.005% naphthalene acetic acid mixture can be sprayed 2 to 3 times, which can effectively prevent the production of umbilical cord fruit and cracked fruit. Watering is reasonable to prevent excessive humidity in the shed or dry soil.
Second, the insulation and the anti-freeze cold wave is coming, it is necessary to cover the straw curtain in time or put a low bow film insulation in the greenhouse to prevent freezing damage. When the weather is fine, you should uncover the straw curtain, try to increase the light area, increase the photosynthetic strength and photosynthetic efficiency, and do your work.
Third, scientific regulation of growth plant type and growth status can be controlled by humans. First, when the seedlings grow too vigorously, spray a 75 mg/kg paclobutrazol solution to control the length. The second is to rationally pruning buds and thinning flowers, and timely removing the deformed young fruit. When topping, keep 2 young leaves at the top of the heart to protect the fruit and prevent the young fruit from burning. The third is to use the hormones to ensure the quality of the fruit, the concentration should not be too high, and do not repeat the application.
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