There are two main types of furniture: panel furniture and solid wood furniture.
I. Quality Identification of Panel Furniture
When purchasing panel furniture, it's essential to check the surface for any scratches, dents, bubbles, peeling, or delamination. The wood grain should look natural and smooth, not artificial. Pay attention to the color and texture of the board surface—there should be consistency and harmony, giving a sense of uniformity as if the piece was made from a single material. The joints between components must be strong and well-constructed. If the furniture is modular, the hardware should be high-quality, with secure connections and good adhesion. All connection points, including those between horizontal and vertical parts, should be tight, without gaps or looseness.
Another important aspect is the surface finish. For open-paint finishes, the wood grain should have a three-dimensional appearance, while sealed finishes should feel smooth like a piano topcoat. The paint must be clean, smooth, and hard, regardless of whether it’s glossy, matte, or semi-gloss. When checking veneer, ensure that it is flat, free from bubbles, and has no color inconsistencies. The grain should be dense, with no gaps in the seams, and the pattern should match correctly. Any color variation on the surface or at the corners should be minimal.
Meeting these standards indicates that the furniture is well-made.
2. Quality Identification of Solid Wood Furniture
When buying solid wood furniture, consider the following key factors:
1. Determine whether the furniture is truly made of solid wood or if it contains particleboard or MDF. Look for natural wood grain and knots, which are clear indicators of real solid wood. For example, if a cabinet door has a specific pattern, the same pattern should appear on the back. Also, check for knots on one side and see if they match on the opposite side.
2. Identify the type of wood used, as this affects both price and quality. Common woods in northern regions include eucalyptus, white oak, ash, and rubberwood, while more expensive options like rosewood and wenge are used for premium pieces. Be cautious of fake products in the market and prefer reputable brands. Remember, high-quality wood doesn’t come cheap.
3. Check the condition of the wood. Open cabinets and drawers to inspect the wood for dryness, tight grain, and fine texture. If it’s made from particleboard or MDF, there should be no strong odors.
4. Inspect the wood for defects. Load-bearing parts such as legs and support beams should be free from large knots, cracks, or splits. The frame must be sturdy, with no loose joints or broken materials. Avoid furniture made from low-quality particleboard, nailed together with visible screws or poor craftsmanship.
5. Test the strength of the boards. Press your finger against the surface to feel how firmly it’s constructed. A solid frame should provide stability, while a weak structure may feel hollow. Check drawer bottoms for strength and ensure partitions are multi-layered. Doors and drawers should open and close smoothly.
6. Ensure the furniture is stable and safe. When opening doors 90 degrees, the cabinet should not tilt forward. Glass doors should be properly edged, and mirrors or dressing tables should have back panels. All parts, including legs and brackets, should be strong and secure. Push or sit on the furniture to test its stability.
7. Check the joinery. High-quality furniture often uses dovetail or butterfly joints. Heavy pieces should have corner blocks and glue for extra strength. The back panel should be properly attached and secured with screws.
8. Inspect the drawer slides and latches. They should be sturdy, with tight screws and smooth movement. Ensure that all movable parts, like tabletops and doors, function properly.
9. Examine the surface finish. It should be smooth, with no rough spots, streaks, thick pigment, cracks, or bubbles. Especially check the legs and corners for imperfections.
10. Flip the chair or table over and inspect the construction from below. Look for reinforced seams, proper fastening, and no excess glue or filler.
11. Pay attention to the moisture content and origin of the wood. Wood should be dried to match the equilibrium moisture content of the region where it will be used. Otherwise, it may expand or contract, leading to warping or damage. Choose furniture from manufacturers that use proper drying techniques. Keep in mind that wood from southern regions may not perform well in northern climates due to humidity differences. Always check the production location before making a purchase.
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