Commonly used vitamins are divided into two major categories: fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K. Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin B, vitamin C and the like. Each vitamin acts as a special nutritional physiology that cannot be replaced by other substances.
1. Vitamin A Vitamin A, also known as retinol, is a highly unsaturated fatty alcohol in the form of a yellowish oil or crystal. It has the function of protecting skin and mucous membranes. The unit of measurement is u. One unit of vitamin A is approximately equal to 0.3 micrograms. Commonly used vitamin A is mostly chemically synthesized products, such as vitamin A alcohol, vitamin A acetate and vitamin A palmitate, and vitamin A palmitate is often used in feed additives.
2, vitamin D Vitamin D, also known as bone alcohol or anti-caries vitamins, is a kind of active substances related to calcium and phosphorus metabolism in animals, can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the digestive tract of animals. Vitamin D is available in a variety of forms, with vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 being more important and commonly used. Vitamin D3 is often used in feed additives.
3, vitamin E Vitamin E, also known as tocopherol, is a class of biologically active phenolic compounds, of which alpha-tocopherol has the highest potency and is most commonly used. Vitamin E can regulate the metabolism of the nucleus, promote gonadal development and improve reproductive capacity. Vitamin E has the ability to absorb oxygen, its stability is not high, and its stability can be improved by esterification. Commonly used are vitamin E acetate.
4, vitamin K Vitamin K, also known as anti-hemorrhagic vitamins, is a class of menaquinone derivatives. Vitamin K can promote the synthesis of prothrombin to normal coagulation. Vitamin K has vitamin K1, vitamin K2, vitamin K3 and vitamin K4, etc., the feed additive uses vitamin K3, and the general vitamin product uses a combination of vitamin K3 and sodium hydrogen sulfite, namely menadione sodium hydrogen sulfite.
5, vitamin B1 Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, also known as anti-neuritis. Vitamin B1 promotes the metabolism of sugars and fats in the body. Vitamin B1 mainly exists in the form of salt, and thiamine hydrochloride is generally used.
6, vitamin B2 Vitamin B2 is also known as riboflavin or yolk. Vitamin B2 is involved in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids in the body, and is a component of various enzymes in the biochemical reaction in vivo.
7, vitamin B3 Vitamin B3 is commonly known as pantothenic acid, also known as anti-dermatitis vitamins. Vitamin B3 is a component of coenzyme A and plays an important role in substance metabolism. Calcium pantothenate is often used in feed additives.
8, vitamin B4 Vitamin B4 also known as choline, is a component of phospholipids, acetylcholine, is also a donor of methyl, involved in the metabolism of amino acids and fats, can prevent the production of fatty liver. Choline chloride is often used as a feed additive.
9, vitamin B5 Vitamin B5 is commonly known as niacin or niacin, also known as nicotinamide or nicotinamide. Vitamin B5 is a component of Coenzyme I and Coenzyme II and participates in redox reactions.
lO, vitamin B6 Vitamin B6 is a generic term for three pyridine derivatives of pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine. Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme in the metabolism of amino acids and is involved in the metabolism of proteins, sugars and fats. The commercial form of vitamin B6 is mostly pyridoxine hydrochloride, and the feed additive is mostly pyridoxine hydrochloride.
11, vitamin B11 Vitamin B11, also known as folic acid and vitamin M, is a combination of pteroic acid and glutamic acid. Vitamin B11 is involved in the metabolism of proteins and nucleic acids, and together with vitamin B12 and vitamin C promotes the formation of red blood cells, hemoglobin and antibodies.
12, vitamin B12 Vitamin B12, also known as cyanide, is a chelate containing cobalt and cyano groups. Vitamin B12 is involved in the body's protein metabolism, improving the utilization of plant proteins, and is also a necessary substance for normal blood cell production.
13, biotin is also called vitamin H. Biotin is a coenzyme that is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and the like. The commercial biotin is D-biotin, and the biotin H-2 commonly used in feed additives is 2% D-biotin.
14, vitamin C is also called ascorbic acid. Vitamin C is involved in the metabolism of sugar, protein and mineral elements, enhances immunity and increases the activity of digestive enzymes. Vitamin C commonly used in feed additives is L-ascorbic acid and vitamin C polyphosphate with good stability.
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