Predict: In early rice, pests and diseases occurred in 2005, similar to last year, obviously heavier than normal years. Among them, the occurrence of mites in northern Fujian and Guizhou, the rice blast in mountainous areas, hills and susceptible areas, Minnan and Yuzhong Rice planthoppers in some rice areas and sheath blight in the province. The citrus disease occurred heavily, which was more serious than last year. The insect pests occurred moderately, similar to last year, in which anthracnose, red spider and leaf miner were heavily weighted. Vegetable diseases are more serious, and last year, insect pests will occur moderately, slightly lighter than last year, in which the epidemic is recurring, and blight, downy mildew, bacterial wilt, and night moth are more serious. Tea pests and diseases occur moderately, and some tea areas are heavily weighted. The rodents in the agricultural areas occur moderately, and local areas are biased. details as follows:
First, the main trend of crop pests and diseases
(1) Trends in major pests and diseases of early rice
1. Suihua sputum: Most of the rice areas in northern Fujian and central Guizhou occurred greatly, and the south of Anhui Province occurred heavily. The province was obviously heavier than normal, slightly lighter than last year, and the estimated area was about 15 million mu.
2. Sanhua 螟: Some rice areas in Weinan and Weibei occur moderately, and Jingdezhen is heavily biased. The occurrence area is similar to last year and is heavier than normal. It is estimated that the area will be about 3.5 million mu.
3. Rice planthoppers: The province is heavily biased. Some rice areas in southern Anhui and central Guizhou are recurring, and the south is heavier than the north. It is heavier than last year and perennial. It is estimated that the area will be about 10 million mu.
4, rice vertical leafhopper: the province occurs in a medium-sized, the main descending area is biased, similar to last year and perennial, the estimated area of ​​about 8 million acres.
5. Rice blast: The mountainous area, hilly rice area and susceptible area are reoccurring, and other rice areas are heavily weighted, which is obviously heavier than last year and perennial. It is estimated that the area will be about 7 million mu.
6. Sheath blight: It occurs in the whole province, similar or slightly heavier than last year and perennial, and the estimated area is over 12 million mu.
7. Rats in the agricultural area: Most of the areas occur moderately, and local partial weight occurs. The estimated area is 8 million mu. The main rodents that are harmful are: Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus in the north, and Apodemus agrarius and Yellow-haired rat in the south.
In addition, pests such as rice weevil, rice locust and other pests may occur in some rice areas, and monitoring should be strengthened to pay attention to prevention and treatment.
(2) Trends in major pests and diseases of citrus
1. Scab disease: Nanfeng oranges occur moderately, and navel oranges, warm oranges, and ponkans occur lightly. Similar to last year, the estimated area is about 45%.
2, ulcer disease: orange, grapefruit, red orange, etc. occur more seriously, heavier than last year, the estimated area of ​​about 25%.
3, anthrax: the occurrence of heavy weight, significantly heavier than last year, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 50%.
4, red spider: the occurrence of bias, lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 80% of the area.
5, the leaf miner: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur about 40%.
6, whitefly: moderate occurrence, local bias occurs, heavier than last year, the expected area of ​​about 30%.
7, rust tick, scale insects: lighter occurs, lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 20% of the area.
In addition, some orange orchards, flower buds, malignant leaf beetles, mites, mites, weevil, beetles, and mites occur more frequently, and resin disease occurs in young orchards and winter orchards that are seriously damaged by winter. .
(3) Trends in major diseases and insect pests of vegetables
1. Capsicum blight: recurring, heavier than last year, slightly heavier than normal, and the expected area is over 50%.
2, melon wilt disease: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur more than 35% of the area.
3, cucumber downy mildew: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur more than 70% of the area.
4, anthracnose: pepper, watermelon, cucumber and other anthrax occur moderately, the estimated area of ​​about 35%.
5, bacterial wilt: tomato bacterial wilt is more serious; pepper, eggplant bacterial wilt occurs moderately, similar to last year, is expected to account for about 35% of tomato planting area.
6, Plutella xylostella: moderate occurrence, lighter than last year, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 40%.
7, cabbage caterpillar: cruciferous vegetables occur in medium-sized, some areas are biased, lighter than last year and perennial, is expected to occur about 55%.
8, red spider: eggplant, cowpea on the red spider occurred in the middle, local bias occurred, slightly lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 45%.
9. Aphids: Aphids on green vegetables, cowpeas, cucumbers, peppers, and eggplants occur moderately, significantly lighter than last year, with an estimated area of ​​about 45%.
10, nocturnal moth: taro, lotus root on the occurrence of heavy, amaranth, green vegetables, cabbage on the medium occurs, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 40%.
11. Melon: In the region from June to July, where the area of ​​melon cultivation is large, it will be more serious, and the estimated area is about 35%.
(4) Trends in major pests of tea
Tea stalks occur in some tea areas, tea worms and small green leaf mites occur; tea white star disease, anthracnose disease, tea cake disease, tea cloud leaf blight occur in mountain tea gardens and old tea areas.
Second, the main pests and diseases of crops prevention and control opinions
(1) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of early rice
In 2005, the situation of early rice pests and rats in our province was severe, and the task of prevention and control was arduous. If the prevention and control was not effective, it would pose a serious threat to the harvest of early rice in our province. Therefore, all localities should be vigilant and promptly guide farmers to prevent and control.
Early rice pest control should adhere to the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive preventionâ€, strengthen monitoring, early warning and prevention and control technical guidance to ensure that major pests such as aphids, rice blast and rice planthoppers do not cause large losses, and pests and diseases of rice The total loss rate is controlled below 5%.
In the field of chemical control, we must focus on two key periods, vigorously promote the three major technologies, and focus on preventing the four major pests: focus on the two key periods of 2-3 days before the plucking and the initial stage of the blasting. We will promote the three technologies of “super-gathering medicineâ€, “mixed and preservative medicine†and high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides, and strive to prevent the four major diseases of the first generation of stem borer, ear mites, sheath blight and rice planthopper.
High-efficiency and low-toxic road pesticides (30Kg uniform spray of water per hectare):
1. Prevention and control of sputum sputum: 40% of sputum net (triazophos) emulsifiable concentrate 75ml or 5% ruthenium suspension 30-40ml.
2, prevention and control of three phlegm: 40% of the use of 40% of the net (triazophos) EC 75ml.
3, prevention and control of rice planthopper: 10% of the use of 10% happy Longgonggong (imidacloprid) wettable powder 15-20g or 20% phlegm WP 50g.
4, prevention and control of rice leaf roller (pre-three years old): 40% chlorpyrifos EC 100-150ml or 35% Longdan WP 120g or 30% eagle emulsifiable concentrate 100g.
5, prevention and control of rice blast: 75% of the use of stagnation (tricyclazole) wettable powder 30g or 40% rice bran emulsifiable concentrate 100ml or 2% spring tylosin suspoemulsion 80-100ml.
6, prevention and control of sheath blight: 20% of the use of 20% Jinggangmycin wettable powder 50g.
7. Prevention and control of rodents: In order to improve the effect of rodent control, ensure the safety of humans and animals, and protect the ecological environment, it is necessary to correctly select high-efficiency and low-toxic anti-coagulation chronic rodenticides, such as bromadiolone and enemy Sodium. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic rat poisons, such as tetramine, tetramine, fluoroacetamide, sodium fluoroacetate and so on. Vigorously promote new technologies for rodent control in rodents, and combine local habitats and rat species composition to continuously improve and innovate simple, practical and effective new rodent control technologies.
(II) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of citrus
1. Prevention and treatment strategy: prevention is the main factor, preservation and protection, comprehensive prevention and treatment. Focus on the prevention of scab, anthrax, ulcer disease, red spider and leaf miner, and treat other diseases and insect pests.
2, prevention and control period: disease prevention and protection: when the spring shoots 1-4 mm, spray the first medicine, spray the second medicine when the leaves turn green; disease prevention and fruit protection: Xiehua two-thirds spray The first dose, once every 10-15 days, was sprayed three times.
3, prevention and treatment of drugs
(1) Scab disease: It can be used to lead to 400 times liquid or 77% to kill 600 times liquid or 10% high 1000 times liquid.
(2) ulcer disease: 20% of Longkes 1000 times liquid or 80% big life 1000 times liquid or 77% can be killed 2000 times.
(3) Anthrax: 80% of the big raw 1000 times liquid or 10% of the world high 1000 times liquid can be selected.
(4) Red spider: 1.8% avermectin 4000 times solution or 15% hydrazine 1000 times solution or 5% nisolron emulsifiable oil 1500 times solution may be used.
(5) cockroaches: You can use 48% espresso 1500 times liquid or 30% strong killing 800-1000 times liquid or 40% speed 蚧 800-1000 times liquid.
(6) Locuspid moth: You can choose 10% happy Longdagong 1000 times liquid or 2.5% champion star 1500-2500 times liquid or 20% chlorpyrifos No. 1 suspension agent 3000-4000 times liquid.
(7) Aphids, whitefly, hibiscus, leaf roller moth, leaf beet pests: 10% imidacloprid 1500 times solution or 1.8% avermectin 6000 times solution or 3% acetamiprid 1500 times solution + 2.5% cyanide Pyrethroid EC 3000-4000 times solution.
(3) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of vegetables
1. Agricultural control: sorghum deep ditch drainage, anti-staining and anti-smashing, prevention of wilting diseases, such as bacterial wilt, blight and so on.
2, physical control
(1) Sex attractants to kill the diamondback moth, beet armyworm, and Spodoptera litura.
(2) Frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps trap pests such as Plutella xylostella, beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, and chafer.
(3) Yellow plate traps aphids and spotted flies.
(4) Covering the roof to shelter from the rain and prevent bacterial diseases and bacterial wilt.
(5) Insect nets prevent a variety of pests such as Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera exigua, and Spodoptera litura.
3. Promote the use of high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides
(1) Prevention and treatment of diseases and downy mildew: New Wansheng, Anke, Kelu and metalaxyl can be used.
(2) Prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases such as bacterial wilt and bacterial angular spot disease: Longke bacteria, Kangdilei, agricultural streptomycin, and bacteria can be used.
(3) Control of wilt disease, root (stem-based) rot: Optional treatment of atrophy, withered a spirit, lead to victory.
(4) Control of beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella, and melon: You can choose avermectin, digestive, Wuda oasis virus A, etc.
(5) Prevention and control of red spider: Kleite, compound Liuyangmycin, avermectin and the like may be used.
(6) Controlling aphids and thrips: You can choose to use the happy dragon hero (imidacloprid).
Adding pesticide adhesives such as Anna, 885, and azone to insecticide-preventing pesticides can improve the control effect.
(4) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of tea
Tea plantation control drugs should choose plant-derived pesticides, biological pesticides, promote non-chemical control technology, pest control can be used to kill or use Bt preparations, 0.2% matrine water, 10% Dagong WP, etc. The disease can be selected from polymycin, triadimefon, and thiophanate.
From:Jiangxi Provincial Plant Protection Station
First, the main trend of crop pests and diseases
(1) Trends in major pests and diseases of early rice
1. Suihua sputum: Most of the rice areas in northern Fujian and central Guizhou occurred greatly, and the south of Anhui Province occurred heavily. The province was obviously heavier than normal, slightly lighter than last year, and the estimated area was about 15 million mu.
2. Sanhua 螟: Some rice areas in Weinan and Weibei occur moderately, and Jingdezhen is heavily biased. The occurrence area is similar to last year and is heavier than normal. It is estimated that the area will be about 3.5 million mu.
3. Rice planthoppers: The province is heavily biased. Some rice areas in southern Anhui and central Guizhou are recurring, and the south is heavier than the north. It is heavier than last year and perennial. It is estimated that the area will be about 10 million mu.
4, rice vertical leafhopper: the province occurs in a medium-sized, the main descending area is biased, similar to last year and perennial, the estimated area of ​​about 8 million acres.
5. Rice blast: The mountainous area, hilly rice area and susceptible area are reoccurring, and other rice areas are heavily weighted, which is obviously heavier than last year and perennial. It is estimated that the area will be about 7 million mu.
6. Sheath blight: It occurs in the whole province, similar or slightly heavier than last year and perennial, and the estimated area is over 12 million mu.
7. Rats in the agricultural area: Most of the areas occur moderately, and local partial weight occurs. The estimated area is 8 million mu. The main rodents that are harmful are: Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus in the north, and Apodemus agrarius and Yellow-haired rat in the south.
In addition, pests such as rice weevil, rice locust and other pests may occur in some rice areas, and monitoring should be strengthened to pay attention to prevention and treatment.
(2) Trends in major pests and diseases of citrus
1. Scab disease: Nanfeng oranges occur moderately, and navel oranges, warm oranges, and ponkans occur lightly. Similar to last year, the estimated area is about 45%.
2, ulcer disease: orange, grapefruit, red orange, etc. occur more seriously, heavier than last year, the estimated area of ​​about 25%.
3, anthrax: the occurrence of heavy weight, significantly heavier than last year, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 50%.
4, red spider: the occurrence of bias, lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 80% of the area.
5, the leaf miner: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur about 40%.
6, whitefly: moderate occurrence, local bias occurs, heavier than last year, the expected area of ​​about 30%.
7, rust tick, scale insects: lighter occurs, lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 20% of the area.
In addition, some orange orchards, flower buds, malignant leaf beetles, mites, mites, weevil, beetles, and mites occur more frequently, and resin disease occurs in young orchards and winter orchards that are seriously damaged by winter. .
(3) Trends in major diseases and insect pests of vegetables
1. Capsicum blight: recurring, heavier than last year, slightly heavier than normal, and the expected area is over 50%.
2, melon wilt disease: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur more than 35% of the area.
3, cucumber downy mildew: the occurrence of heavy weight, heavier than last year, is expected to occur more than 70% of the area.
4, anthracnose: pepper, watermelon, cucumber and other anthrax occur moderately, the estimated area of ​​about 35%.
5, bacterial wilt: tomato bacterial wilt is more serious; pepper, eggplant bacterial wilt occurs moderately, similar to last year, is expected to account for about 35% of tomato planting area.
6, Plutella xylostella: moderate occurrence, lighter than last year, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 40%.
7, cabbage caterpillar: cruciferous vegetables occur in medium-sized, some areas are biased, lighter than last year and perennial, is expected to occur about 55%.
8, red spider: eggplant, cowpea on the red spider occurred in the middle, local bias occurred, slightly lighter than last year, is expected to occur about 45%.
9. Aphids: Aphids on green vegetables, cowpeas, cucumbers, peppers, and eggplants occur moderately, significantly lighter than last year, with an estimated area of ​​about 45%.
10, nocturnal moth: taro, lotus root on the occurrence of heavy, amaranth, green vegetables, cabbage on the medium occurs, is expected to occur in an area of ​​about 40%.
11. Melon: In the region from June to July, where the area of ​​melon cultivation is large, it will be more serious, and the estimated area is about 35%.
(4) Trends in major pests of tea
Tea stalks occur in some tea areas, tea worms and small green leaf mites occur; tea white star disease, anthracnose disease, tea cake disease, tea cloud leaf blight occur in mountain tea gardens and old tea areas.
Second, the main pests and diseases of crops prevention and control opinions
(1) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of early rice
In 2005, the situation of early rice pests and rats in our province was severe, and the task of prevention and control was arduous. If the prevention and control was not effective, it would pose a serious threat to the harvest of early rice in our province. Therefore, all localities should be vigilant and promptly guide farmers to prevent and control.
Early rice pest control should adhere to the plant protection policy of “prevention first, comprehensive preventionâ€, strengthen monitoring, early warning and prevention and control technical guidance to ensure that major pests such as aphids, rice blast and rice planthoppers do not cause large losses, and pests and diseases of rice The total loss rate is controlled below 5%.
In the field of chemical control, we must focus on two key periods, vigorously promote the three major technologies, and focus on preventing the four major pests: focus on the two key periods of 2-3 days before the plucking and the initial stage of the blasting. We will promote the three technologies of “super-gathering medicineâ€, “mixed and preservative medicine†and high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides, and strive to prevent the four major diseases of the first generation of stem borer, ear mites, sheath blight and rice planthopper.
High-efficiency and low-toxic road pesticides (30Kg uniform spray of water per hectare):
1. Prevention and control of sputum sputum: 40% of sputum net (triazophos) emulsifiable concentrate 75ml or 5% ruthenium suspension 30-40ml.
2, prevention and control of three phlegm: 40% of the use of 40% of the net (triazophos) EC 75ml.
3, prevention and control of rice planthopper: 10% of the use of 10% happy Longgonggong (imidacloprid) wettable powder 15-20g or 20% phlegm WP 50g.
4, prevention and control of rice leaf roller (pre-three years old): 40% chlorpyrifos EC 100-150ml or 35% Longdan WP 120g or 30% eagle emulsifiable concentrate 100g.
5, prevention and control of rice blast: 75% of the use of stagnation (tricyclazole) wettable powder 30g or 40% rice bran emulsifiable concentrate 100ml or 2% spring tylosin suspoemulsion 80-100ml.
6, prevention and control of sheath blight: 20% of the use of 20% Jinggangmycin wettable powder 50g.
7. Prevention and control of rodents: In order to improve the effect of rodent control, ensure the safety of humans and animals, and protect the ecological environment, it is necessary to correctly select high-efficiency and low-toxic anti-coagulation chronic rodenticides, such as bromadiolone and enemy Sodium. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic rat poisons, such as tetramine, tetramine, fluoroacetamide, sodium fluoroacetate and so on. Vigorously promote new technologies for rodent control in rodents, and combine local habitats and rat species composition to continuously improve and innovate simple, practical and effective new rodent control technologies.
(II) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of citrus
1. Prevention and treatment strategy: prevention is the main factor, preservation and protection, comprehensive prevention and treatment. Focus on the prevention of scab, anthrax, ulcer disease, red spider and leaf miner, and treat other diseases and insect pests.
2, prevention and control period: disease prevention and protection: when the spring shoots 1-4 mm, spray the first medicine, spray the second medicine when the leaves turn green; disease prevention and fruit protection: Xiehua two-thirds spray The first dose, once every 10-15 days, was sprayed three times.
3, prevention and treatment of drugs
(1) Scab disease: It can be used to lead to 400 times liquid or 77% to kill 600 times liquid or 10% high 1000 times liquid.
(2) ulcer disease: 20% of Longkes 1000 times liquid or 80% big life 1000 times liquid or 77% can be killed 2000 times.
(3) Anthrax: 80% of the big raw 1000 times liquid or 10% of the world high 1000 times liquid can be selected.
(4) Red spider: 1.8% avermectin 4000 times solution or 15% hydrazine 1000 times solution or 5% nisolron emulsifiable oil 1500 times solution may be used.
(5) cockroaches: You can use 48% espresso 1500 times liquid or 30% strong killing 800-1000 times liquid or 40% speed 蚧 800-1000 times liquid.
(6) Locuspid moth: You can choose 10% happy Longdagong 1000 times liquid or 2.5% champion star 1500-2500 times liquid or 20% chlorpyrifos No. 1 suspension agent 3000-4000 times liquid.
(7) Aphids, whitefly, hibiscus, leaf roller moth, leaf beet pests: 10% imidacloprid 1500 times solution or 1.8% avermectin 6000 times solution or 3% acetamiprid 1500 times solution + 2.5% cyanide Pyrethroid EC 3000-4000 times solution.
(3) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of vegetables
1. Agricultural control: sorghum deep ditch drainage, anti-staining and anti-smashing, prevention of wilting diseases, such as bacterial wilt, blight and so on.
2, physical control
(1) Sex attractants to kill the diamondback moth, beet armyworm, and Spodoptera litura.
(2) Frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps trap pests such as Plutella xylostella, beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, and chafer.
(3) Yellow plate traps aphids and spotted flies.
(4) Covering the roof to shelter from the rain and prevent bacterial diseases and bacterial wilt.
(5) Insect nets prevent a variety of pests such as Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera exigua, and Spodoptera litura.
3. Promote the use of high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides
(1) Prevention and treatment of diseases and downy mildew: New Wansheng, Anke, Kelu and metalaxyl can be used.
(2) Prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases such as bacterial wilt and bacterial angular spot disease: Longke bacteria, Kangdilei, agricultural streptomycin, and bacteria can be used.
(3) Control of wilt disease, root (stem-based) rot: Optional treatment of atrophy, withered a spirit, lead to victory.
(4) Control of beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella, and melon: You can choose avermectin, digestive, Wuda oasis virus A, etc.
(5) Prevention and control of red spider: Kleite, compound Liuyangmycin, avermectin and the like may be used.
(6) Controlling aphids and thrips: You can choose to use the happy dragon hero (imidacloprid).
Adding pesticide adhesives such as Anna, 885, and azone to insecticide-preventing pesticides can improve the control effect.
(4) Opinions on prevention and control of major pests and diseases of tea
Tea plantation control drugs should choose plant-derived pesticides, biological pesticides, promote non-chemical control technology, pest control can be used to kill or use Bt preparations, 0.2% matrine water, 10% Dagong WP, etc. The disease can be selected from polymycin, triadimefon, and thiophanate.
From:Jiangxi Provincial Plant Protection Station
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