The thermoelectric cycle needs to generate heat through the “Seebeck effect.†According to the report of the Physicists’ Network on July 11th, the Ohio University has found a new method that can enlarge the “Spin Seebeck effect†by 1000 times and put it into practice. The application has taken a big step forward. The study will help the realization of thermoelectric cycles, and ultimately it is expected to develop a new type of thermoelectric engine that can also be used for computer cooling. The related papers were published in the magazine "Nature" published this week.
The thermoelectric cycle is a part of the waste heat generated by the recycling of the electronic equipment and converts the waste heat into electricity. According to the Seebeck effect, when a conductor is placed in a temperature gradient, a voltage is generated to convert thermal energy into electrical energy. In 2008, Japan discovered the "Spin Seebeck effect", which means that in magnetic materials, spin electrons generate currents that cause voltages at the material contacts. Since then, many scientists are trying to use spintronics to develop new electronic devices that read and write data in order to store more data safely and with less space and lower power consumption. However, the voltage generated by this "Spin Seebeck Effect" is generally very small.
The current new method is to amplify this effect as the "Giant Spin Seebeck Effect." The researchers used indium antimonide and other elements doped to make the desired material, and the temperature was reduced to minus 253 °C to minus 271 °C, plus 3 Tesla magnetic field. When they heated the material side and raised it by 1°C, a voltage of 8 mV was detected on the other side, resulting in a current of three orders of magnitude higher than the previous 5 μV, which was hitherto produced by the standard "Spin Seebeck Effect". The highest voltage, and power increased by nearly a million times.
Joseph Hellmans, a professor of physics and mechanical engineering at Ohio University, said that scientists believe that heat is made up of vibrational quantums that can induce powerful vibrational quantum flow inside semiconductors that hit electrons and move electrons forward when they flow through a material. And because the atoms in the material spin the electrons, the electrons eventually rotate like bullets in the barrel.
In the past, people only discovered the "Spin Seebeck effect" in magnetic semiconductors and metals, and this time "the key to success is the choice of materials," says Roberto Mels, professor of materials science and engineering at the university, but because of the It is non-magnetic, and it needs an external electric field and a low-temperature environment. This is an inadequacy of the experiment. They are still further studying other materials.
Hermans said that its ultimate goal is to develop a solid-state engine that converts heat into electricity at low cost and high efficiency. These engines have no moving parts, no wear, and reliability is almost limitless. “This is a true new generation of thermoelectric engines. In the 17th century we had a steam engine, in the 18th century we had a gas engine, and in the 19th century we had the first thermoelectric material, and now we are going to use magnetism to do the same thing.â€
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