Tea saponin is a natural, non-ionic surfactant derived from the seeds of Camellia plants. It belongs to the class of pentacyclic triterpenes and is known for its exceptional performance in various applications. In the pesticide industry, it serves as a wetting agent, dispersant, and adjuvant for water-soluble formulations. Its versatility extends to acting as a plant insecticide, fungicide, and growth regulator. One of the most significant advantages of tea saponin is its biodegradability and non-toxic nature, making it an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic surfactants.
As a wetting agent, tea saponin enhances the wettability and suspension stability of wettable powders, typically achieving a suspension rate of 75% or higher. When added to pesticide formulations, it improves the physical and chemical properties of liquid pesticides, increasing their effectiveness by ensuring better coverage and absorption on target surfaces. This not only boosts the efficacy of the pesticide but also contributes to more sustainable agricultural practices.
With a neutral pH range of 5.5 to 6.5, tea saponin does not degrade or interfere with the active ingredients in pesticides, which helps maintain product stability during storage. Its fast wetting speed and strong dispersion properties make it comparable to synthetic alternatives, while offering additional environmental benefits. It is widely used in formulations such as paclobutrazol, isoprocarb, ethylaluminum phosphate, and tricyclazole.
According to the Pesticide Network, tea saponin acts as an effective adjuvant for water-soluble and powder-based pesticides. It enhances the adhesion of the spray solution to plant surfaces and works synergistically with active ingredients. Being non-toxic and easily degradable, it ensures safety for both users and the environment. It is particularly beneficial when used with herbicides like glyphosate, improving its adherence to plant leaves and enhancing moisture absorption and penetration. Additionally, its biological activity can boost the effectiveness of other pesticides.
When combined with insecticides such as malathion, methomyl, fluvalinate, and others, tea saponin exhibits strong synergistic effects against pests like aphids, diamondback moths, citrus red mites, and more. It also has mild stomach toxicity and a strong repellent effect against cabbage caterpillars, with increased effectiveness at higher concentrations. It is commonly used to control underground pests in ornamental plants and has proven effective against snails and slugs that damage rice crops.
Overall, tea saponin is a valuable and environmentally friendly additive in modern pesticide formulations, offering both functional and ecological benefits.
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